Wildlife plays an important role in Texas ecosystems, but when animals get too close to homes, they can bring health risks with them. Many wild animals carry diseases that can spread to humans or pets through bites, scratches, droppings, or even indirect contact. Understanding these risks helps homeowners protect their families while maintaining respect for local wildlife.
Common Wildlife Diseases in Texas
Several diseases are more frequently associated with wild animals in Texas. Raccoons, bats, skunks, and rodents are the most common carriers of illnesses that can affect people and pets. Knowing what to watch for can help you act quickly and safely.
Rabies
Rabies is one of the most well-known and serious wildlife diseases. It affects the nervous system and is almost always fatal once symptoms appear. In Texas, skunks and bats are the primary carriers, though raccoons and foxes can also be infected. Animals with rabies may behave unusually, showing aggression, disorientation, or lack of fear of humans. Never approach or attempt to capture wildlife acting strangely.
Leptospirosis
Rodents, raccoons, and opossums can carry leptospirosis, a bacterial infection spread through urine-contaminated water or soil. Humans and pets can become infected through open cuts or mucous membranes. Symptoms can range from mild flu-like illness to serious complications such as liver or kidney damage.
Histoplasmosis
This fungal disease is linked to bird and bat droppings, particularly in attics, barns, and old structures. When droppings dry and turn to dust, spores can become airborne and cause respiratory problems when inhaled. Disturbing contaminated areas without proper protective equipment increases the risk of infection.
Salmonellosis
Reptiles, rodents, and some birds can spread salmonella through their droppings. Contact with contaminated surfaces or soil can lead to gastrointestinal illness in humans. Keeping outdoor areas clean and discouraging wildlife from nesting near the home can help reduce this risk.
Hantavirus
Hantavirus is carried by certain species of mice and rats and can cause severe respiratory illness in humans. It is primarily spread through inhaling dust contaminated with rodent urine or droppings. Because of its seriousness, cleaning up rodent-infested areas should always be handled with care or by professionals.
Protecting Your Home and Family
The best defense against wildlife-related diseases is prevention. Start by sealing entry points around your home, including gaps in the roofline, vents, and foundation. Store food securely and keep outdoor areas clean to reduce attractants. If you notice droppings, nesting materials, or unusual animal activity, take action right away.
Avoid handling wild animals, even if they appear harmless or injured. Contact a licensed wildlife control professional for safe and humane removal. Professional technicians can identify problem areas, clean and sanitize affected spaces, and install long-term exclusion solutions.
When to Call for Help
If you suspect that wildlife is living in your attic, walls, or crawl space, do not attempt to remove them yourself. Many animals that seem calm can become aggressive when cornered, and direct contact increases the risk of disease exposure.
Critter Control of San Antonio provides humane wildlife removal and prevention services throughout the region. Our trained specialists safely handle wildlife problems, sanitize affected areas, and ensure your home remains protected year-round.
Stay Safe and Informed
Wildlife encounters are a part of life in Texas, but with awareness and proactive steps, you can keep your home safe and healthy. Understanding common wildlife diseases helps you recognize potential dangers early and take the right actions to protect your family and pets.